Also known as: Andrographis paniculata, King of Bitters, Indian Echinacea
Andrographis paniculata is a bitter herb widely used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine for immune support. Its primary bioactive compound, andrographolide, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties in clinical trials.
Andrographis paniculata is a medicinal plant native to South and Southeast Asia, traditionally called the 'King of Bitters' due to its intensely bitter taste. The primary active compound, andrographolide, inhibits NF-κB signaling, reduces COX-2 expression, and modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses. Multiple randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that standardized andrographis extract significantly reduces the severity and duration of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), with a Cochrane review supporting its efficacy. Andrographolide also shows hepatoprotective properties by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and reducing lipid peroxidation in the liver. Additionally, preliminary research suggests anti-inflammatory effects relevant to ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The extract is well tolerated at recommended doses, though high doses may cause gastrointestinal upset or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
A Cochrane systematic review and multiple RCTs demonstrate that andrographis extract reduces symptom severity and duration of common colds and URTIs compared to placebo.
Andrographolide inhibits NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, suppressing production of TNF-α, IL-6, and other pro-inflammatory mediators in both in vitro and clinical studies.
Andrographolide enhances hepatic glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activity, providing protection against drug-induced and toxin-induced liver damage in preclinical models.
Divided into 2–3 doses daily; begin at symptom onset
Most effective when started within 36–48 hours of symptom onset. Typical treatment course is 5–7 days.
Once daily with food
Lower maintenance dose for prophylactic use. Not recommended for continuous use beyond 3 months without medical supervision.
Immune support with consistent andrographolide content
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