Also known as: Matricaria chamomilla, German Chamomile, Matricaria recutita
Chamomile is one of the oldest and most widely used medicinal herbs, valued for its calming and sleep-promoting effects. Its active compounds, particularly apigenin, bind to GABA receptors and have demonstrated anxiolytic properties in clinical trials.
Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), also known as German Chamomile, is a daisy-like flowering plant that has been used medicinally for over 5,000 years. The dried flower heads contain over 120 identified bioactive metabolites including terpenoids (bisabolol, chamazulene), flavonoids (apigenin, quercetin, luteolin), and coumarins. Apigenin is the most pharmacologically significant compound, acting as a positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors, which underlies chamomile's anxiolytic and sedative effects. Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated clinically meaningful reductions in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms and improvements in subjective sleep quality. Chamomile also possesses anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and mild antimicrobial properties, supporting its traditional use for digestive complaints and wound healing. It is generally regarded as safe (GRAS) by the FDA and is one of the best-tolerated herbal supplements.
A large randomized controlled trial found that chamomile extract significantly reduced GAD symptoms over 8 weeks, with effects maintained during long-term use in a 38-week follow-up study.
Clinical trials show that chamomile extract improves subjective sleep quality scores in elderly populations and postpartum women, likely through apigenin's GABA-A receptor modulation.
Chamomile's antispasmodic properties can help relieve bloating, gas, and mild gastrointestinal cramping, consistent with centuries of traditional use for digestive complaints.
Divided into 1–3 doses throughout the day, or one dose before bedtime for sleep
Clinical trials for anxiety used 220–1,500 mg of standardized extract daily. Higher doses were used for GAD.
Mild daily relaxation and sleep support
Higher-dose anxiety management
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